Gee, without knowing the tastes of your family, their ages (teenagers are eating machines, toddlers aren't) nor the vegetables/fruits you hope to plant, it's kind of hard to make an educated guess.
Does your county have an agricultural extension service? If so, they are very helpful, and could at least give you a rough idea of how much of what. If there is a community college or university nearby that has an agricultural department, that might be a source of information. An alternative is to find a comparable family with a garden, and ask what they do. Wish I could be of more help.

We've a state library that has old books published by the government during an earlier depression that told how to do this sort of thing. I guessing you would look for US government publications dated 1930-39 or so. I don't recall the names. They are quite the mixture of useful and useless stuff.