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Building a greenhouse

Posted by orchidnick z9Ca (orchidnick@yahoo.com) on
Sat, Nov 14, 09 at 21:18

After 4 to 5 years without one, I finally broke down and decided to build one. Structure is wood, 2 x 4s, covered with agricultural 6 ply plastic (blocks 12% sunlight) and on top of that 50% shade cloth. Inside there are tables, fans, a heater and there will be a cooler as there will actually be 2 houses, one warm the other cool.

What impresses me is that with a massive application of ignorance, many, many nails and tons wood for starters something can actually be achieved. I'm neither a carpenter nor a plumber, have never spanned agri plastic and am not an cooler craftsman.

A contractor friend of mine stopped by the other day and laughed his head off. According to him I used twice as much wood, three times as many nails as is necessary and produced a monolith that one could anchor the Titanic to. Its solid as old get up, when the Santa Ana winds blow at 60 mph, this sucker is going no where. He had to admit that and begrudgingly told me that it is OK, not great, but definitely OK.

I plan to build my own evaporative cooler, simply a body of water with agri mesh above it where water perculates down while a fan blows air through it. No magic there, should be simple, only problem is I never have done this before.

But I am having fun which is what this is all about, right? I bang away at it when I feel like it, take a nap or watch a football or basketball game when I feel like doing that. I saw a T shirt the other day which said: "I'm retired, when I feel like working I lie down until the feeling passes." Good take on life!

Anybody have fun stories to share about amateur construction?

Nick


Follow-Up Postings:

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RE: Building a greenhouse

Hello Nick,

From experience I can say you will be impressed with what a greenhouse can do for you.  I have orchids doing things I could never get in my home.  I built a 10x12 Harbor Freight g/h a few years ago.  Although I am not impressed with their aluminium "powder coated" bases (which are rusting at a speedy rate), it was an inexpensive and continues to be rewarding venture.  Adding electricity cost me more than the greenhouse, but seems to be necessary here in Z10.  I would strongly suggest that you look into shadecloth, if you haven't already.  This time of year it isn't so critical, but it's surprising how the early sun next year can fry your plants if you aren't careful.

Regarding an evaporative cooler; four years ago I bought a second-hand Conair evaporative cooler on Craigslist for ~$50.00.  I have it tied to a humidifier which makes it come on if the humidity is <50%.  The instructions state that it requires fresh air to operate at its best.  I have a screen in the door next to the cooler for ~8 months of the year to provide fresh air (for the winter I put the polycarbonate panel back in the door).  This thing has worked like a champ with very little maintenance or headaches.  If you have power to your greenhouse, (which I assume you do, since you mention fans) I would really recommend it.  It has its own fan, and the operation is very simple.Good luck with your new greenhouse!

Ann


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RE: Building a greenhouse

There is 50% shade cloth covering the 12% plastic.

I started with orchids in 1996, by 1998 I had a greenhouse and am familiar with all that goes with it. 4 1/2 years ago I moved, at the same time had a, now resolved, health problem. For both reasons I elected to grow orchids in the backyard only, no greenhouse. This proved to be a very rewarding experience and I could go the rest of my life dealing with the myriad of orchids that do well in SOCAL outside.

Its probably the desire to have a new project that started this building activity as much as anything else. The thing that I'm relating is that I'm doing the whole thing myself. Trips to Home Depot followed by banging, then more HD and more banging. The ground is sloping to the street slightly, I have one square corner, all other corners are odd angles, just the lay of the land. Not being a carpenter yet dealing with all this one increment at a time made me marvel at the capacity of the human mind to deal with things.

I know the benefits of a GH and had a ready made one before, just find it enjoyable to build this thing from scratch, one piece of wood, one nail at a time. The agricultural plastic and the shade cloth came from American Horticultural Supplies in Oxnard who have a great selection of things needed for this project.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Hi
I've been struggling for years to achieve a real working GH .None have met the whole climate problems in my area.. The best has been an aluminum framed shadehouse with temporary coverings . Keeping it cool has proven to be impossible even on a very small scale.
I think if I were to build another I'd go with aluminum framing about twice what I used the first time making it much taller and larger with a concrete footing rather than a floor. In spite of all the work and expense the ones growing on the trees frequently out perform those growing in my Green house lol.
I recently saw a perfect design using a carbolyte UV and IR blocker as a covering. Uses refrigerated air as a cooling system.Uses anoidized aluminum as a frame.
Cost 175,000 to build didn't see the estimates on operation expenses lol Wait for me that is a really serious problem.lol
Good luck with your project. About all you can do is experiment . gary


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Here in Southern California we have very low humidity, 99% of the time that is. That means that water is always willing to evaporate and cool the structure. On the other hand we get up to 100F, which would translate 130F inside a greenhouse.

I have taken as many measure to keep it cool as to getting it warm. The shade cloth is elevated over a foot above the plastic on the roof. Too close to the plastic and it serves as a heat trap. The cool GH and the warm GH share a common wall with a door. On super hot days the air from the cool GH will be vented directly into the warm GH. The warm GH has a large panel near the top which will have 2 fans blowing the hot ceiling air out while at the same time sucking cooler air from the cool GH. I'm more concerned about keeping this thing cool on hot summer days than getting it warm on cold winter days.

The evaporative cooler will have a body of water with a pond pump elevating the H2O to a rain gutter like trough from which the water will flow down along some mesh made by the Ag people for this purpose. A fan blowing air behind it provides the cooling. If this is inadequate it can be simply doubled in size by adding a second fan and enlarging the cooling panels.

There are a few days now and then when a Mexican hurricane pushes humid, hot air up into LA. Then I'll be screwed as the evaporative coolers don't work when the humidity is high. Luckily we don't see that too often and then only for a brief period of time.

Today the last of the plastic goes on before the San Diego Chargers take to the field and after that I'll have heat available for the first time in 4 1/2 years and will start to rebuild the Bulbo collection.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

I built my small greenhouse years ago out of 2x2s and corrugated fiberglass panels. It only has 48 sq feet of floor space to work with. Biggest problem was keeping it warm during the cold winters and to resolve this I applied 2 mil plastic sheeting to the inside walls with housing insulation on the north and east walls. Light comes in thru the roof and the south and west walls. The orientation is longwise north to south with southern exposure area around 16 sq ft. The roof is not covered over the orchid area on the south side but with 50% shade cloth over the tropical plant area. Only about 24 sq ft of bench space. Have a fan blowing all the time and a heater only during this time of year. My temps can dip down into the low 50s and if the fuse blows and I don't catch it into the upper 40s on freezing nights which fortunately are few and far betweeen!! I am the humidity system as I will spray down the g/h almost daily at least once if not twice. That is one reason I like the tropicals as I can really wet them down and they have alot of leaf surface to apply mist to allowing me to force up the humidity to 70%-80%.
Best thing about it is its low cost to set up and to maintain. I have learned to wrap the wood in duct tape to help lengthen the life of the frame as I do have some of the framing that is thoroughly rotted out but not so bad that it required total replacement yet! The whole thing sets upon a concrete pad which covers roughly half of my back yard but which is covered by plants growing in pots, old broken kiddie pools, and piles of dirt. Shading occurs from roughly sunrise to 830AM, 230PM to nightfall.
I have tried alot of plants but due to space limitations hang with the ones that survive!


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Thanks for sharing TM. Longevity of the wood is of concern but I built some trays and some tables 10 years ago out of inexpensive (cheap!) 2 x 4s and they are still hanging in there pretty well.

The warm portion got completed this afternoon as the Chargers eked out a victory over the Eagles. Tonight my one and only NOID Phaeli which I rescued from the trash can of my internist, will sleep warm with the gentle breeze of a low volume fan wafting over its leaves. Since at this time I don't really have any hot growers, I will go through the plants and move small ones and borderline temp tolerant ones over. Have a bunch of Gongoras and Pescatore who maybe for once won't get the Botrytis they usually contract in Dec and Jan.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Nick I have two words for you "cooling fins" using small copper tubing. the geek community has an unfounded love for them. if you created a series of "cooling fins" coming from the inside of your green house and then out the top of the roof, the heat will be drawn out and then dissipated by the breeze passing under the shade cloth .

awesome idea right?


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Great idea but there are 2 sides to it. It dissipates heat on a hot day and it dissipates heat and a freezing cold day!! If you could have one without the other I could see it. One would have to build it so that the copper pipes can be employed on hot days and removed when it's 25F and you need to preserve every bit of heat you can. Like the Uranium rods in a nuclear power plant move them up or down as needed.

There will be a swamp cooler for the cool GH and on super hot days I plan to blow some of the air from the cool GH to the warm side.

Just feeling my way along at this point, no real challenge yet.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Hi
When you get cold fronts do the temps stay down the next day how about humidity and airmovement??
here no matter how severe the cold front never lasts more than 3 days ,always very dry, so the next morning is
very clear with full sun.
Which means any cover on the shadehouse traps the heat.lol
One of my greatest disasters was covering with transparent plastic.. At dawn yard temp was 27 GH was 50.
Feeling very smug that I had conquered the cold problem
.Went to work and came home at 5 pm. yard temp 64 GH was 151 degrees lol Needless to say I lost everything.
Since that disaster I've used temporay frost cloth but even that has to be removed the next day and of course replaced before dark. for at least the following 3 days.
What a pain !! lol. 2 years ago I switched to a heated waterfall which worked great until about 35 could no longer keep up with the heat loss. Since I keep both plants and fish in the reservoir I couldn't keep the temps above 80. Then it developed leaks for several reasons .lol
This year I'm back to original mode tenders come in the house hardies stay out unless a hard freeze.
My main problem with a wood structure was termites and hurricanes. Too many vines growing on the sides. My aviary with vines only on the roof made with aluminum as well as the large shadehouse both stood up!! There was extensive damage to the PVC lattice but did not require rebuilding the main frame.
The expense of the aluminum frame was well worth it!!
Well good luck with yours . Who knows wahts ma nature will dish out next year.??? gary


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RE: Building a greenhouse

I'm aware that keeping it from overheating is a bigger challenge than keeping it warm in the winter. There are 33" doors on each end and a 'window' panel 4' x 2' one one wall near the top. I hope that with all three open and however many fans it takes, I should be able to keep it fairly close to yard temp which in the Summer, can reach close to 100F. One of the 2 doors opens into the cool GH which will have a substantial swamp cooler. Cooler air from there can also be diverted into the warm GH.

I have spent more time thinking of how to cool it in the Summer than how to heat it in the Winter. Last night the yard temp went down to 47F. The inside temp was maintained at 55F apparently using only one of the 2 electric heaters I installed. One had the thermostat set at 55F the other as backup at 50F. The backup was not in use at 5AM which should be the coldest time of the night. The permanent setup will be a natural gas wall heater which is not there yet.

Our cold spells can be a bear. 25F to 28F lows at night with only 45F or so during the day coupled with driving winds. That's the 'Yukon Express' where cold air from the North comes barreling down without interference from the usual jet stream which normally diverts it and sends it eastward. This only happens every few years, the last one was 3 years ago when I lost about 5% of my plants and others lost 90% depending on location and the type of plants. I remember being up and hosing them down with water every 2 hours all night long which paradoxically protects against freezing. Then we get the usual winter storms, 28F and up with driving rain, these happen every year. Easier to deal with but still a problem. Orchids can handle wet and they can handle cold, but both cold and wet for 3 to 5 days sustained puts a strain on them. Botrytis and other fungal disorders are the norm.

Should be interesting, so far so good.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

  • Posted by jodik 5 Central IL (My Page) on
    Tue, Nov 17, 09 at 13:21

It sounds like you're having fun with your project, Nick, and that's the most important part! If a hobby becomes more like work, it ceases to be a hobby... and the reason we have hobbies is for the enjoyment aspect!

I wish you great luck in getting everything put together and working, so you can get on with renewing some parts of your collection! I'd be very interested in seeing photos of the process, and of the finished and filled GH!


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Hi
Sounds like some type of structure would be a good investment year around. Amazing how different the various zones are between cal/fla, I think I'm finished trying to achieve "perfect".Now if I was 10 okay 20 years younger I'd give it another shot lol
Some places I've found very useful for methods are local GH"s Obviously they deal with the same problems though usually with MUCH larger budgets lol
Another problem I have is that whenever I say"What I need is a much better working GH" The wife answers with "What you really need is a LOT less delicate plants"
No solution at all for that problem!!
Anyway good luck with yours. Keep us informed always hoping to learn something new. gary


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RE: Building a greenhouse

When i got my second glasshouse i fiddled around with running the air under the floor, the theory being that the temperature of the soil was fairly stable and perhaps it would help cooling in summer and warming in summer. Do not know if these heat bank ideas are still around.

Glasshouse No.1 has a galvanised iron frame and lasted in good condition for about 35 years before the glazing bars rusted out and a handyman did a partial rebuild by replacing the roof glass with stuff called Lazerlite.

Glasshouse No.2 has an aluminum frame and will outlast me.

The shade-house is 29 x 15 is made of gal water-pipe. Part pictured on another thread.

Glasshouse Number 1 was purchased by my wife so that i could grow tomatoes in winter and the rest is history.

I'm with you Gary, my perfect would be three houses all connected with the entrance from the residence. Sadly running out of time so that is only a dream.


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RE: Building a greenhouse

One of the challenges was to keep the cost down. Since I didn't need this in the first place, having a satisfactory collection of outdoor growing plants (for SOCAL), I really could not justify spending a ton of money on it. So far the bill is well under $1,000 for the 12' x 32' structure, half of which is complete with electric (temporary) heaters.

With all the supplies in place and the second half 90% complete, all that's left is some nail bending to complete it and the purchase of a swamp cooler and a gas heater. Craig's list offerings seem to indicate that this can be done for less than $500. When its all said and done with lights, humidity, etc), I hope the final bill will be under $2,000.

I think the danger of overheating in our SOCAL climate is so great that I'll probably install a swamp cooler in the 'warm' GH as a safeguard which will be set to kick on at 95F. Since the ambient temp regularly reaches 95F in the summer, only constant personal monitoring would guard against overheating. It's a double sided coin as one way would be to have all doors and hatches open with fans exhausting the hot air, the other way would be to close most openings with the swamp cooler going full blast. I don't know which way would be more effective. The other thing I'm contemplating is a misting system which can be set to mist for a few min every hour, or a couple of humidifyers . All of these things are available at places like 'Charlie's Greenhouse' at very high cost. Part of the fun is to duplicate this with low cost HD, WalMart or Craig List items. I also have a bunch of High Intensity outdoor lights lying around which I will wire in. Rube Goldberg is alive and well.

My daughter came by the other day and her only comment was a lament that grass and flowers would have looked nicer in that area. She needs to write a book and go on a book tour like Sarah Palin! Grass-- you pay someone to fertilize it so it will grow and then you pay some one to cut it when it does grow. Unless you have a pet goat, who needs it. What a bone headed idea!

The beat goes on but it is fun,

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Hi
had the opportunity to watch the construction of a GH at the local zoo, Goal was an integrated environment mostly for animals but plants serving as the main display.
An interesting choice for the covering was polarized carbolyte. Changes tint with intensity of the sun. You can stand directly underneath in full blazing sun.!! Could find no info as to the effect on plants.
The choice for cooling was refrigeration with normal operation at over 200 days per year!!
While I can see that they will have absolute climate control not much use for the hobbyist GH?? Ingoring the construction expense can't imagine the operating expense!!
I suspect the controls will be operating at least 3 months per year when opening a window would solve the problem .?? Not sure if there will be separate climate zones but there are partitions. I think mainly for the animals
The most fabulous part is that none of the equipment is visible , not even a hanging pot!!
Ah what can be accomplished with science and MONEY lol
gary


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Under bench misters would work for you. They both add to the humidity and cool. I have them in the Sonoma greenhouse and they work well, coming on at about 80 and seem to keep it below 90.

I have overhead misters in Napa, but don't think they are good for general use, especially around plants that need to dry out. The are great for mounts and Masdevallia.


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RE: Building a greenhouse

After discussing it with some local luminaries the following concept is gaining traction. Our climate requires no warm greenhouse up to 7 month of the year. It's only from Nov to March, possibly April that we even need even a 'warm' GH. The rest of the time the plants would be fine on a bench in the backyard and the GH is actually a negative entity because it needs to be protected from overheating. Not completely true as there are other benefits but we were mainly talking about the overheating problem.

Their suggestion was to install large hinged sections near the top of as many as three walls which can be opened and left open during our warm summer and fall. This should make it much easier to maintain the temp at no higher than outside temperature. We are not talking about a 3' x 4' window but to hinge the major upper portion of the walls. There are two 16' sides and the end of 12' which does not have a door as it abuts against a fence. The only door leads into the 12' x 14' 'cool' GH which when left open in the summer will also provide some cooling. Could only be left open if it does not raise the temp of the cool GH too much thus defeating it's purpose. The plan which is gaining traction is to hinge most of the upper 3' of these walls so that in the heat, the structure functions more like a lath house than a GH if these sections are all opened. Another suggestion is to make these panels removable so that once the summer heat has arrived they are permanently taken out and stored under the benches until winter arrives again. This would require special hinges similar to the ones used in chain link fence doors.

I like this idea, does anyone see a fly in the ointment?

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Richardol -- I'm not ignoring what you wrote, I typed my last entry near midnight and corrected and entered it before seeing your last blurb.

I like the idea of under bench misters, they should be easy to install and I can only see benefits from them. I have had overhead misters before and did not like them for much the same reasons you mentioned.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

The only thing to watch out for is to be sure that they spray into the air and not on any wood.


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RE: Building a greenhouse

I would mount them on the under surface of the bench and spray down onto the bed of gravel which is the floor of the GH.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

After much deliberation here is what's being done about the Summer heat. The warm section is 18' x 12' in dimension. Each of the 2 18' sidewalls and the end wall facing West will have 2 hinged panels at the top of 6' x 2'. During the cooler season they can be opened and shut as needed.

I'm using the types of heavy duty hinges that have a massive bolt which allows complete removal. Once it gets hot the panels can be removed altogether, at that point the structure will have some of the characteristics of a lath house with hopefully enough ventilation so some fan activity and the misting system should do the trick to keep it at roughly the same temp as the surrounding area. When the Westerlies blow in the afternoon there should be no problem at all but they cannot be relied upon.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Youre obviously not doing a flat roof, so why would you do three of the walls as hatches? Why not make the apex on a hinge? That would be the accumulation of all the heat right?

Also, if I remember right, you were doing a water wall for a cool room then a door to the next warmer room. The pressure difference from the cool to the warm is not going to agree with your idea that cracking the door to let the cool air escape into the warm house.

Warmer volumes of air means higher pressure. Lower temperatures mean lower pressure. Remember how those Santa Annas work?


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RE: Building a greenhouse

In order to keep the neighbors happy I limited the height as much as possible. The roof is not flat but only has a 1' pitch in 12 feet. The shade cloth is 1' above that. The hatches represent the top 2' to 3' of 3 of the 4 walls only, not the entire walls. When they are removed or opened, the highest point of the structure will be able to vent hot air.

A hinged roof would have been nice but exceeds my limited carpenter skill. How the 'Cold' and the 'Warm' GH will interact remains to be seen. Air will be forced into the cold side which has to go some where. On hot Summer days it will be encouraged to enter the warm side in order to help keep the temp reasonable.

For the last few days we have had 70F days, with both doors open but the roof closed the temp inside the warm GH did not exceed 80F. The other half is not completed yet. A ceiling fan and one bench fan are going.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Great posts here. I'm working on a greenhouse in Burbank, so facing the same issues you're dealing with, Nick-- mainly, how to deal with overheating. You wrote:

"The rest of the time the plants would be fine on a bench in the backyard and the GH is actually a negative entity because it needs to be protected from overheating. Not completely true as there are other benefits but we were mainly talking about the overheating problem. "

Can you talk about what the other benefits are? I'm considering just removing my roof entirely during the warm months, unless there's a good reason not to. Humidity control?

Also, do you have any pictures of your greenhouse?


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Humidity control is the main reason, no other real benefits that could not be duplicated in the lath house. If the roof could be removed during the hot season that would be great but I did not build it that way. So I'm doing the next best thing which is removing the top 1/4 of 3 of the 4 walls. Hope it works.

I'm going to heat it using the house water heater. Hot water will be brought to the greenhouse via a recirculating pump and a large, 5' x 2' industrial copper radiator with fans behind it will distribute the heat. I found the radiator at a recycle chop and got it for $50. One of the coils was leaking but since it has 6 of them we simply closed that one off. Normally a radiator like that is a several thousand dollar item so unless one can find a junk one it does not make sense. You cannot use a car radiator as they are only built to withstand 15 to 20lbs water pressure, if that, and will simply explode like a balloon under city H2O pressure unless you can build a pressure reducer into the system. The pipes to and fro the house water heater will be insulated with air conditioning foam. I used the set up in a previous green house and it worked well.

Maybe we could exchange visits and also plants while we are at it.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

How I wish we had warm water in our greenhouse! We have 2 500 gallon tanks and after a winter night they are super chilled. We can sometimes turn the water from the well on to maybe bump it up to 55 F. Still, the idea of warm water!


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Bump for the Poetic Mama.


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RE: Building a greenhouse

It's 2pm PST Jan 19 2010. The rain is coming down in buckets, more than I have seen in years. The greenhouse is handling it well, I'm proud of our construction.

Just got a robocall from the National Weather Service warning of a potential tornado in my area, A TORNADO!!!! If I wanted to deal with tornados I would have moved to the tornado alley. This is SOCAL, fires, storms, earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, mudslides and riots are all things we deal with on a daily basis but TORNADOS?

If a greenhouse lands in your backyard please call me.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

The final shape has finally been decided and built. The top 2 feet of 3 of the 4 walls are hinged (each wall in 2 sections)so they can be flopped down once the weather turns reliably warm. They will stay down all spring, summer and fall and be repositioned come next November in anticipation of the cold season. In essence the thing will become a lath house during the warm periods. Don't know how much heat the plastic on the roof will trap, time will tell. The reliable afternoon westerlies will be able to blow through with little obstruction.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

Can you build me one now? I won't complain about stupid flowers and grass. My backyard is mainly one big huge mudpit now anyway. I forgot what kind of grass damage occurs when you throw a 150 lb. Mastiff puppy into the mix. Smackdown sessions betweeen the Mastiff and the Pugle are monumental.

Ginnibug:)


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RE: Building a greenhouse

The jury is in on the cool greenhouse: it's not cool enough. After July 6th or 7th the real summer heat started and despite the swamp cooler the temperature crept up to and over 80F. Backyard temp has been over 90F, GH shot up to 82F. The GH temp, without cooling efforts, would be an easy 110F and up so the swamper is doing it's job.

Anticipating this, I had a swath of Aluminet (30%) ready and installed it this morning. Covering the structure now is agricultural plastic (13% shade), regular black shade cloth (50% shade) and now the Aluminet (30% shade). About 10" between each layer. That seems like a lot of shade but standing inside, it is still not possible to look directly at the sun so plenty of light is getting through.

With the Aluminet in place the temp today maxed out at 76F, 6 degrees better than the 82F of yesterday. 6 degrees in the right place make a lot of difference, I'm happy with the result. If I had been smart, I would have used 50% Aluminet to start with. This is my first experience with it and I would recommend it over regular shade cloth any time.

The warm greenhouse performed as expected. With three sidewalls open for the top 2 feet and the cool greenhouse discharging it's cool, moist swamper air into the warm house, the temp never rose above the ambient temp of the backyard. In the winter the walls will be closed and a heater will spring into action.

Nick


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RE: Building a greenhouse

nick, thanks for sharing!

--Stitz--


 
 

 

 


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