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anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

Posted by davidrt28 7 (My Page) on
Fri, Jun 8, 12 at 9:12

Some internet resources say it's poor at setting fruit, some say it sets a lot of fruit! Since the multicolored fruits are the main ornamental appeal of this small tree (even Elfin King, which was supposed to be an improvement over 'Compacta', gets to 12 feet) I might need another cultivar if it doesn't fruit well. Is it a matter of cross pollination? Should I plant another cultivar and assume 'Elfin King' will get its act together? Maybe the varying reports are due to whether the plant is completely isolated from any other Arbutus or not?

I have in my notes a comment from a gardener in Fredericksburg, VA, that 'Compacta' fruited well that far north in the colder 1990s, and I've seen a couple in SE VA that were covered in fruits. But my 3' 'Elfin King' has been in the ground 3 full years now, has bloomed twice quite intensely and is vigorously growing 6" a year, apparently - no fertilizer needed. But it only has 3-4 fruits developing on a low, practically invisible branch.


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RE: anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

  • Posted by bboy USDA 8 Sunset 5 WA (My Page) on
    Fri, Jun 8, 12 at 13:17

'Compacta' seen here sometimes appear to be variable seedlings, instead of a small, tight essentially fruitless clonal cultivar that has been kept uniform by multiple growers.

If your 'Elfin King' are starting to fruit now maybe in future years you will see better production. In my part of USDA 8 there are some larger examples of strawberry tree but this is nevertheless one of those kinds that burns in the occasional colder-than-usual Arctic episode. The crappy springs and summers we have been having lately are being compared to those of the 1950's, during which there were also record-setting winters - if there is a repeat of those on the horizon we may see strawberry trees freeze to the ground. I should think that in USDA 7 you are skating the edge a bit with this plant.


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RE: anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

Arbutus unedo, aka strawberry tree, is entirely capable of solid fruit set on its own - it needs no partner for cross pollination. Elfin King in particular is known for fruiting while still quite young. Since you are on the border for hardiness of this plant, I'd suspect cold may play a factor. Even in my mild maritime zone 8 climate, it is suggested to site strawberry trees in a "sheltered" location for good fruit set.

JMO, but the fruit is by far not the only appeal of this plant. Broadleaved evergreen trees are not a dime a dozen regardless of location, it blooms in late fall to early winter when few other plants do and it has striking rough cinnamon colored bark. A four season plant in a suitable zone. Arbutus unedo 'Compacta' included in the PNW Great Plant Picks program.


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RE: anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

JMO, but the fruit is by far not the only appeal of this plant.

I definitely agree. But the fruit, when heavily laden on plants, has a certain charm that is almost unique in the world of fruit/drupe/berries whatever.

Agree with you both perhaps cold is the factor at play here; it is on a sheltered south facing wall because I knew it was at the end of its tether here, so to speak. But it's never shown even a spot of foliar damage down to the upper single digits. But perhaps various clones have a better ability to withstand cold during freezes, just as is seen between various cultivars of Camellia. Certainly if someone was able to regularly get fruit in the 1990s, in Fredericksburg, I should be able to do so here, too, as my location has more coastal influence and has not had a freeze before Thanksgiving in 6 years. The fact it was only fruiting near the ground made me think either cold was a factor, or some insect only active near the ground was pollinating it. (I believe that even we a so-called self fertile species, some flower designs still require a pollinator to be present.)

I'll report in a couple years if things improve...at least it finally has some fruits. Without digressing too much, I'm a firm believer that some plants, under some circumstances, can undergo epigenetic adaptation. In fact w/o divulging yet, I've seen an extraordinary example of it and am looking for a plant psysiologist who studies such phenomena to share my findings. In any case, maybe as it matures a slight switch to its "antifreeze" formula for flowers (i.e., a turn-on of a genetic program left over from the ice age) will allow it to more easily mature fruit here.


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and I should add

This winter was especially easy on it, which is why I was crestfallen not to see more fruits. There was only the lightest of frosts until Dec 23...several plants still had blooms in sheltered areas. And the minimum was only 15F, twice, during really brief cold spells. I have trouble believing cold is what kept last November's copious blooms from turning into copious berries. In the PNW I have trouble wrapping my head around your coolness and raininess at times other than May-Sept...do you have obvious pollinators of some kind active up until the first hard freeze? Sometimes here I do, sometimes I don't; I have a mental image of something visiting Arbutus flowers but I'm not sure if it was this year or some prior year.

What's really terrifying here is that the deer ticks seem to be the hardiest of insects; in only takes the briefest mild spell of two days of temps around 55F to activate them!


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RE: anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

We have pollinators active year round :-) Just not what everyone thinks to be pollinators. Hummingbirds tend to be one of the most active of the winter flowering plant pollinators - Anna's overwinter here routinely - and they will visit most of what blooms in winter, including arbutus, mahonia, sarcococca, witch hazel, Lonicera fragrantissima.

Now that I'm thinking about it, lack of pollinators could be a very good reason your tree is not producing much fruit. It is primarily pollinated by bees so late season flowering may go largely unnoticed. Bumble bees can be found here from time to time even in winter but are certainly not present in huge quantities. Fruiting is likely to be heaviest in those more Mediterranean climates that have year round pollinators present.


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RE: anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

  • Posted by bboy USDA 8 Sunset 5 WA (My Page) on
    Fri, Jun 8, 12 at 21:46

Except for things that aren't even hardy to 10-15 degrees F. - a lot of which gets sold to the local market - the killer winters here are those that get down to 5-10 degrees F. or below. Minimums fall off markedly and rapidly as you head inland from Puget Sound and the outer coast. The bigger strawberry trees I've seen have pretty much all been in Seattle, quite near salt water. When I was going to rhododendron society meetings in the 1970s there was a couple who lived right off the beach that was growing "California Specials" (hardy to say, 15 degrees F.) not usually seen here, and there were multiple other parties that lived out away from the water some miles that got below 10 degrees F. on a recurring basis.

A party I talked to living on the outer WA coast claimed they rarely saw even 20 degrees F. In the wild strawberry tree is found in the Mediterranean and damp, balmy coastal Ireland, where it grows tall. The late bloom and overwintering of the developing fruits wouldn't be a problem because of the mild climate. Maybe in the non-Irish part of the habitat it is too hot and dry for flowering and fruit development during the growing season.


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RE: anybody have an Arbutus 'Elfin King'

Thanks Gardengal. I think the lack of pollinators could be the problem. I looked over my plant again, and it has a few more fruits than I thought, but they are all near the ground. Maybe the only thing pollinating were ants who were too chilly to crawl up the plant.

BBoy, my plant has had only slight leaf burn at 8F; I've seen a 'Compacta' that had only minor injury from 0F, but it had overstory protection from a southern magnolia and wind-sheltered spot. I fully expect some really bad winters to kill it, hopefully only to the ground.


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btw

Bark split could definitely keep it from getting big around here...however...I put my plant in a place with shelter from morning and early afternoon winter sun. Seems to take care of that problem.


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